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href="http:///xyzx.html">行業(yè)資訊 </a><span></span>混凝土總是開裂，原來是這個原因?qū)е碌模?/h3> <div id="vrbh5ms8sd" class="m-con">  <div id="vrbh5ms8sd" class="u-mtit f-tc"> <h1 class="s-wc"> 混凝土總是開裂，原來是這個原因?qū)е碌模?/h1> <p> 2019年11月20日16:11 </p> </div>  <div class="vrbh5ms8sd" id="content" class="m-mcon"> <p><span style="font-size: 16px;"><img src="/Mobile/UploadFiles/FCK/2019-11/6370986555941464881584220.jpg_280.jpg" title="混凝土裂縫1" alt="混凝土裂縫1" border="0" hspace="0" vspace="0"/></span></p><p><span style="font-size: 16px;">普通混凝土裂縫產(chǎn)生的原因</span></p><p>1、荷載引起的裂縫</p><p> 混凝土在常規(guī)靜、動荷載及次應(yīng)力下產(chǎn)生的裂縫稱荷載裂縫，歸納起來主要有直接應(yīng)力裂縫、次應(yīng)力裂縫兩種。直接應(yīng)力裂縫是指外荷載引起的直接應(yīng)力產(chǎn)生的裂縫, 次應(yīng)力裂縫是指由外荷載引起的次生應(yīng)力產(chǎn)生裂縫。</p><p> 荷載裂縫特征依荷載不同而異呈現(xiàn)不同的特點。這類裂縫多出現(xiàn)在受拉區(qū)、受剪區(qū)或振動嚴(yán)重部位。但必須指出，如果受壓區(qū)出現(xiàn)起皮或有沿受壓方向的短裂縫，往往是結(jié)構(gòu)達(dá)到承載力極限的標(biāo)志，是結(jié)構(gòu)破壞的前兆，其原因往往是截面尺寸偏小。</p><p><img src="/Mobile/UploadFiles/FCK/2019-11/6370986558513356343894121.jpg_280.jpg" title="混凝土裂縫2" alt="混凝土裂縫2"/></p><p>2、收縮引起的裂縫</p><p> 混凝土具有熱脹冷縮性質(zhì)，當(dāng)外部環(huán)境或結(jié)構(gòu)內(nèi)部溫度發(fā)生變化，混凝土將發(fā)生變形，若變形遭到約束，則在結(jié)構(gòu)內(nèi)將產(chǎn)生應(yīng)力，當(dāng)應(yīng)力超過混凝土抗拉強度時即產(chǎn)生溫度裂縫。在某些大跨徑橋梁中，溫度應(yīng)力可以達(dá)到甚至超出活載應(yīng)力。溫度裂縫區(qū)別其它裂縫最主要特征是將隨溫度變化而擴張或合攏。</p><p>3、荷載引起的裂縫</p><p> 在實際工程中，混凝土因收縮所引起的裂縫是最常見的。在混凝土收縮種類中，塑性收縮和縮水收縮（干縮）是發(fā)生混凝土體積變形的主要原因，另外還有自生收縮和炭化收縮。</p><p> 塑性收縮，發(fā)生在施工過程中、混凝土澆筑后4~5小時左右，此時水泥水化反應(yīng)激烈，分子鏈逐漸形成，出現(xiàn)泌水和水分急劇蒸發(fā)，混凝土失水收縮，同時骨料因自重下沉，因此時混凝土尚未硬化，稱為塑性收縮。塑性收縮所產(chǎn)生量級很大，可達(dá)1%左右。在骨料下沉過程中若受到鋼筋阻擋，便形成沿鋼筋方向的裂縫。在構(gòu)件豎向變截面處如T梁、箱梁腹板與頂?shù)装褰唤犹帲蛴不俺翆嵅痪鶆驅(qū)l(fā)生表面的順腹板方向裂縫。為減小混凝土塑性收縮，施工時應(yīng)控制水灰比，避免過長時間的攪拌，下料不宜太快，振搗要密實，豎向變截面處宜分層澆筑。</p> </div>  <div class="vrbh5ms8sd" id="setPage" class="g-page f-tc"> <a id="up" class="u-pup" href="javascript:void(0)">上一頁</a> <a id="qw" class="u-sa" href="javascript:void(0)">余下全文</a> <p id="pCount"> <span id="vrbh5ms8sd" class="u-pnum">1</span>/5</p> <a id="next" class="u-pne" 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